Joseph Hubertus Pilates was born on 9 December 1883 in Mönchengladbach, Germany. His Greek-born father, Heinrich Friedrich Pilates, was a metal worker and enthusiastic gymnast, and his German-born mother was a housewife.
Pilates was a sickly child. He suffered from asthma, rickets, and rheumatic fever, and he dedicated his entire life to improving his physical strength. He was introduced by his father to gymnastics and body-building, and to martial arts like jiu-jitsu and boxing. By the age of 14, he was fit enough to pose for anatomical charts. Pilates came to believe that the "modern" lifestyle, bad posture, and inefficient breathing lay at the roots of poor health. He ultimately devised a series of exercises and training techniques, and engineered all the equipment, specifications, and tuning required to teach his methods.
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